317 lines
9.5 KiB
C
317 lines
9.5 KiB
C
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR MIT */
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#ifndef __LINUX_OVERFLOW_H
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#define __LINUX_OVERFLOW_H
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#include <linux/compiler.h>
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#include <linux/limits.h>
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/*
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* In the fallback code below, we need to compute the minimum and
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* maximum values representable in a given type. These macros may also
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* be useful elsewhere, so we provide them outside the
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* COMPILER_HAS_GENERIC_BUILTIN_OVERFLOW block.
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*
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* It would seem more obvious to do something like
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*
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* #define type_min(T) (T)(is_signed_type(T) ? (T)1 << (8*sizeof(T)-1) : 0)
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* #define type_max(T) (T)(is_signed_type(T) ? ((T)1 << (8*sizeof(T)-1)) - 1 : ~(T)0)
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*
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* Unfortunately, the middle expressions, strictly speaking, have
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* undefined behaviour, and at least some versions of gcc warn about
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* the type_max expression (but not if -fsanitize=undefined is in
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* effect; in that case, the warning is deferred to runtime...).
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*
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* The slightly excessive casting in type_min is to make sure the
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* macros also produce sensible values for the exotic type _Bool. [The
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* overflow checkers only almost work for _Bool, but that's
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* a-feature-not-a-bug, since people shouldn't be doing arithmetic on
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* _Bools. Besides, the gcc builtins don't allow _Bool* as third
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* argument.]
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*
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* Idea stolen from
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* https://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-misc/2007/02/05/0000.html -
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* credit to Christian Biere.
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*/
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#define is_signed_type(type) (((type)(-1)) < (type)1)
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#define __type_half_max(type) ((type)1 << (8*sizeof(type) - 1 - is_signed_type(type)))
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#define type_max(T) ((T)((__type_half_max(T) - 1) + __type_half_max(T)))
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#define type_min(T) ((T)((T)-type_max(T)-(T)1))
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/*
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* Avoids triggering -Wtype-limits compilation warning,
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* while using unsigned data types to check a < 0.
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*/
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#define is_non_negative(a) ((a) > 0 || (a) == 0)
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#define is_negative(a) (!(is_non_negative(a)))
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#ifdef COMPILER_HAS_GENERIC_BUILTIN_OVERFLOW
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/*
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* For simplicity and code hygiene, the fallback code below insists on
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* a, b and *d having the same type (similar to the min() and max()
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* macros), whereas gcc's type-generic overflow checkers accept
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* different types. Hence we don't just make check_add_overflow an
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* alias for __builtin_add_overflow, but add type checks similar to
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* below.
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*/
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#define check_add_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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__builtin_add_overflow(__a, __b, __d); \
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})
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#define check_sub_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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__builtin_sub_overflow(__a, __b, __d); \
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})
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#define check_mul_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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__builtin_mul_overflow(__a, __b, __d); \
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})
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#else
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/* Checking for unsigned overflow is relatively easy without causing UB. */
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#define __unsigned_add_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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*__d = __a + __b; \
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*__d < __a; \
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})
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#define __unsigned_sub_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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*__d = __a - __b; \
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__a < __b; \
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})
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/*
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* If one of a or b is a compile-time constant, this avoids a division.
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*/
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#define __unsigned_mul_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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*__d = __a * __b; \
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__builtin_constant_p(__b) ? \
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__b > 0 && __a > type_max(typeof(__a)) / __b : \
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__a > 0 && __b > type_max(typeof(__b)) / __a; \
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})
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/*
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* For signed types, detecting overflow is much harder, especially if
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* we want to avoid UB. But the interface of these macros is such that
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* we must provide a result in *d, and in fact we must produce the
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* result promised by gcc's builtins, which is simply the possibly
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* wrapped-around value. Fortunately, we can just formally do the
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* operations in the widest relevant unsigned type (u64) and then
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* truncate the result - gcc is smart enough to generate the same code
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* with and without the (u64) casts.
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*/
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/*
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* Adding two signed integers can overflow only if they have the same
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* sign, and overflow has happened iff the result has the opposite
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* sign.
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*/
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#define __signed_add_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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*__d = (u64)__a + (u64)__b; \
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(((~(__a ^ __b)) & (*__d ^ __a)) \
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& type_min(typeof(__a))) != 0; \
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})
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/*
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* Subtraction is similar, except that overflow can now happen only
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* when the signs are opposite. In this case, overflow has happened if
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* the result has the opposite sign of a.
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*/
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#define __signed_sub_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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*__d = (u64)__a - (u64)__b; \
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((((__a ^ __b)) & (*__d ^ __a)) \
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& type_min(typeof(__a))) != 0; \
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})
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/*
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* Signed multiplication is rather hard. gcc always follows C99, so
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* division is truncated towards 0. This means that we can write the
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* overflow check like this:
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*
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* (a > 0 && (b > MAX/a || b < MIN/a)) ||
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* (a < -1 && (b > MIN/a || b < MAX/a) ||
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* (a == -1 && b == MIN)
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*
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* The redundant casts of -1 are to silence an annoying -Wtype-limits
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* (included in -Wextra) warning: When the type is u8 or u16, the
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* __b_c_e in check_mul_overflow obviously selects
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* __unsigned_mul_overflow, but unfortunately gcc still parses this
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* code and warns about the limited range of __b.
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*/
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#define __signed_mul_overflow(a, b, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) __a = (a); \
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typeof(b) __b = (b); \
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typeof(d) __d = (d); \
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typeof(a) __tmax = type_max(typeof(a)); \
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typeof(a) __tmin = type_min(typeof(a)); \
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(void) (&__a == &__b); \
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(void) (&__a == __d); \
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*__d = (u64)__a * (u64)__b; \
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(__b > 0 && (__a > __tmax/__b || __a < __tmin/__b)) || \
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(__b < (typeof(__b))-1 && (__a > __tmin/__b || __a < __tmax/__b)) || \
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(__b == (typeof(__b))-1 && __a == __tmin); \
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})
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#define check_add_overflow(a, b, d) \
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__builtin_choose_expr(is_signed_type(typeof(a)), \
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__signed_add_overflow(a, b, d), \
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__unsigned_add_overflow(a, b, d))
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#define check_sub_overflow(a, b, d) \
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__builtin_choose_expr(is_signed_type(typeof(a)), \
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__signed_sub_overflow(a, b, d), \
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__unsigned_sub_overflow(a, b, d))
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#define check_mul_overflow(a, b, d) \
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__builtin_choose_expr(is_signed_type(typeof(a)), \
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__signed_mul_overflow(a, b, d), \
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__unsigned_mul_overflow(a, b, d))
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#endif /* COMPILER_HAS_GENERIC_BUILTIN_OVERFLOW */
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/** check_shl_overflow() - Calculate a left-shifted value and check overflow
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*
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* @a: Value to be shifted
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* @s: How many bits left to shift
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* @d: Pointer to where to store the result
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*
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* Computes *@d = (@a << @s)
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*
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* Returns true if '*d' cannot hold the result or when 'a << s' doesn't
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* make sense. Example conditions:
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* - 'a << s' causes bits to be lost when stored in *d.
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* - 's' is garbage (e.g. negative) or so large that the result of
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* 'a << s' is guaranteed to be 0.
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* - 'a' is negative.
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* - 'a << s' sets the sign bit, if any, in '*d'.
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*
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* '*d' will hold the results of the attempted shift, but is not
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* considered "safe for use" if false is returned.
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*/
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#define check_shl_overflow(a, s, d) ({ \
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typeof(a) _a = a; \
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typeof(s) _s = s; \
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typeof(d) _d = d; \
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u64 _a_full = _a; \
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unsigned int _to_shift = \
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is_non_negative(_s) && _s < 8 * sizeof(*d) ? _s : 0; \
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*_d = (_a_full << _to_shift); \
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(_to_shift != _s || is_negative(*_d) || is_negative(_a) || \
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(*_d >> _to_shift) != _a); \
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})
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/**
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* array_size() - Calculate size of 2-dimensional array.
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*
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* @a: dimension one
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* @b: dimension two
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*
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* Calculates size of 2-dimensional array: @a * @b.
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*
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* Returns: number of bytes needed to represent the array or SIZE_MAX on
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* overflow.
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*/
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static inline __must_check size_t array_size(size_t a, size_t b)
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{
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size_t bytes;
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if (check_mul_overflow(a, b, &bytes))
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return SIZE_MAX;
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return bytes;
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}
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/**
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* array3_size() - Calculate size of 3-dimensional array.
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*
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* @a: dimension one
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* @b: dimension two
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* @c: dimension three
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*
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* Calculates size of 3-dimensional array: @a * @b * @c.
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*
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* Returns: number of bytes needed to represent the array or SIZE_MAX on
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* overflow.
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*/
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static inline __must_check size_t array3_size(size_t a, size_t b, size_t c)
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{
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size_t bytes;
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if (check_mul_overflow(a, b, &bytes))
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return SIZE_MAX;
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if (check_mul_overflow(bytes, c, &bytes))
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return SIZE_MAX;
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return bytes;
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}
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static inline __must_check size_t __ab_c_size(size_t n, size_t size, size_t c)
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{
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size_t bytes;
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if (check_mul_overflow(n, size, &bytes))
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return SIZE_MAX;
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if (check_add_overflow(bytes, c, &bytes))
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return SIZE_MAX;
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return bytes;
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}
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/**
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* struct_size() - Calculate size of structure with trailing array.
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* @p: Pointer to the structure.
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* @member: Name of the array member.
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* @n: Number of elements in the array.
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*
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* Calculates size of memory needed for structure @p followed by an
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* array of @n @member elements.
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*
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* Return: number of bytes needed or SIZE_MAX on overflow.
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*/
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#define struct_size(p, member, n) \
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__ab_c_size(n, \
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sizeof(*(p)->member) + __must_be_array((p)->member),\
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sizeof(*(p)))
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#endif /* __LINUX_OVERFLOW_H */
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